Oxygen sensing, hypoxia-inducible factors, and disease pathophysiology

GL Semenza - Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of …, 2014 - annualreviews.org
GL Semenza
Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease, 2014annualreviews.org
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are transcriptional activators that function as master
regulators of oxygen homeostasis, which is disrupted in disorders affecting the circulatory
system and in cancer. The role of HIFs in these diseases has been elucidated by clinical
studies and by analyses of mouse models. HIFs play a protective role in the pathophysiology
of myocardial ischemia due to coronary artery disease, limb ischemia due to peripheral
arterial disease, pressure-overload heart failure, wound healing, and chronic rejection of …
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are transcriptional activators that function as master regulators of oxygen homeostasis, which is disrupted in disorders affecting the circulatory system and in cancer. The role of HIFs in these diseases has been elucidated by clinical studies and by analyses of mouse models. HIFs play a protective role in the pathophysiology of myocardial ischemia due to coronary artery disease, limb ischemia due to peripheral arterial disease, pressure-overload heart failure, wound healing, and chronic rejection of organ transplants. In contrast, HIFs contribute to the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension, systemic hypertension associated with sleep apnea, ocular neovascularization, hereditary erythrocytosis, and cancer.
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