Atherosclerosis is accelerated in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The hallmark of diabetes
is the presence of hyperglycemia. In this article, we review the role of glucose in the
pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Evidence obtained from epidemiological, in vitro, and
animal studies will be reviewed in an attempt to understand the complex relationship
between hyperglycemia and cardiovascular risk that is emerging from clinical trials.